Documents You Need To Buy a Home
TL;DR
Being self-employed doesn’t make buying a home impossible. With the right documents, tax returns, bank statements, proof of income, ID/business registration, and credit history—you can show lenders your financial stability and get closer to homeownership.
What Every Self-Employed Person Must Present to Buy a Home
Buying a home is a dream for many people, but when you work independently—whether as a freelancer, entrepreneur, or small business owner—you may feel the path is more challenging. The truth is: yes, you can achieve it. You just need to be prepared with the right documentation.
Lenders are looking for security: they want to see that you have stable income, good financial management, and the ability to meet a monthly payment. And even if you don’t have a traditional paycheck, there are several ways to prove it.
Here are the 5 key documents every self-employed buyer needs to take that first big step toward purchasing a single-family home.
1. Tax Returns
Tax returns are the most importantpresentation card for a self-employed worker. Generally, lenders will ask you for at least two years of history to assess your income and ensure that it is consistent
Tip: If you claim too many deductions that drastically reduce your reported income, consider talking to an accountant before applying for a loan. This can help you present a more realistic and favorable income to the bank.
2. Bank Statements
Your bank statements from the last 3 to 6 months are another essential document. These reflect how you manage your money: income coming in, expenses going out, and most importantly, whether you have savings for a down payment and closing costs.
Tip: Avoid irregular transactions or unexplained deposits during this time, as they may raise questions with lenders.
3. Proof of Income
Contrary to those who work in a dependent, you don’t have pay stubs. But you can show income in other ways, such as:
Invoices issued to clients
Active service contracts
Records of recurring payments (transfers, deposits)
These documents show that your business is legitimate and that you have a steady cash flow.
Tip: Keep everything organized in digital or physical folThis makes your approval process faster and less stressful.ders.
4. Official ID and Business Registration (if applicable)
A valid ID is mandatory. If you own a registered business, you’ll also need to provide your business license or registration. This provides formal backing for your economic activity and shows that you are an organized professional.
Tip: Keep all records updated, especially if you’ve recently changed your business activity or renewed licenses.
5. Credit History
Your credit score and payment history are still crucial. Even if you are self-employed, lenders will assess whether you pay your credit cards, loans, or other financial commitments on time.
Tip: If your credit isn't in the best shape, work on improving it before applying. Pay your bills on time, reduce debt, and avoid opening unnecessary new lines of credit.
Conclusion
Being self-employed doesn't mean you can't buy your first home; it means you need to do a little more preparation. The key is to have your documents ready, well organized, and to show your financial stability.
With these 5 elements in order, you’ll be much closer to achieving your dream of homeownership. Remember: what feels like a challenge today can become the key that opens your own front door tomorrow.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What documents do self-employed buyers need to apply for a mortgage?
A: The essentials are tax returns, bank statements, proof of income, a valid ID, business registration (if applicable), and credit history.
Q: How can I prove income without pay stubs?
A: You can show invoices, service contracts, or records of recurring payments. Keep everything organized to simplify lender review.
Q: How many years of tax returns do lenders typically ask for?
A: Usually at least two years, so they can see consistent income trends.
Q: Do I need a business license to buy a home if I’m self-employed?
A: Only if you own a registered business. It supports your professional legitimacy but isn’t required for freelancers without formal registration.
Q: Can I improve my mortgage approval chances with credit tips?
A: Yes! Pay bills on time, reduce existing debt, and avoid opening unnecessary credit accounts to improve your score.
By Alex Parmenidez, REALTOR® | Coldwell Banker Realty
Alex Parmenidez | Realtor® Licensed CT-MA-RI | Coldwell Banker Realty
196 Waterman St, Providence, RI 02906
C: (401) 426-4825 | O: (401) 351-2017
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